Résumé

En base al papel central de las Políticas Brasileñas de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología para la formación a nivel de posgrado, reflexionamos sobre cómo el desfinanciamiento histórico y el recorte presupuestario implementado en Brasil a partir de 2017 repercuten sobre las becas de maestría y doctorado de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal en la Educación Superior y del Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico entre 2015 y 2022, con especial énfasis en el período de la pandemia. Se trata de una investigación documental con un enfoque mixto. Los datos fueron recolectados en CAPES, en el portal de datos abiertos de la Capes (2023) y en el portal de datos abiertos del CNPq (enero de 2023). Hasta 2015 hubo un aumento de las becas de maestría y doctorado (tras la expansión del Sistema Nacional de Posgrado) y una tendencia al descenso desde entonces. El número de matrículas de estudiantes tanto de maestría como de doctorado ha crecido cada año desde el año 2000, tendencia que se mantiene en los años posteriores hasta 2019, con una reducción del 15% de estudiantes de máster y doctorado entre 2019 y 2021. En 2018, el 47,4% de los alumnos de máster y el 38,9% de los alumnos de doctorado recibían beca; ello se redujo en años posteriores. El déficit acumulado de becas es de 19.000 para Maestría y 7.000 para Doctorado.  El estudio concluye que el desfinanciamiento se inició en el contexto de la crisis y juicio político a la presidenta Dilma, y ​​la aprobación de la Enmienda Constitucional nº 95/2016, que congeló el gasto público en derechos sociales por 20 años. Así, el recorte presupuestario a la educación superior y la ciencia en Brasil es anterior al contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, profundizándose en ese contexto.

Mots clés (séparés par des virgules)

Política de Ciência e Tecnologia, Política de Educação Superior, Financiamento de Políticas Públicas, Serviço Social

Résumé

The Maria da Penha Law(Lei 11.340/2006) is one of the Brazilian laws whose social impact is reflected daily in the defense of women's lives and human rights. \\ This year this legislation to combat domestic and family violence completes 17 years of existence in the fight against the different forms of violence typified by law, namely: physical, psychological, sexual, property and moral. \\ In this Brazilian reality, in the scenario of the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Social Work and Nursing professionals assist women victims of domestic and family violence through a unit called" Lilac Room".Room Lilac de Campo Grande, in the West Zone of Rio, was inaugurated in September 2018 to serve women victims of domestic and family violence, as well as children and adolescents aged up to 18 years old. \\ Over these almost five years of operation, 5,017 different types of assistance were provided, including physical, psychological and sexual violence. In Brazil, cases of violence against women are compulsorily notified. In the Brazilian Health Policy, the SINAN information system is used notification grieves. \\ Suspected or confirmed cases of domestic/intra-family violence, sexual, self-harm, human trafficking, slave labor, child labor, torture, legal intervention and violence homophobic statements against women and men of all ages. At the case of violence outside the family/community, only objects of notification violence against children, adolescents, women, elderly people, people with disabilities, indigenous and LGBTQIA+ population.\\ The Maria da Penha law can still be strengthened. Whether by expanding the state apparatus or by deconstructing a strongly patriarchal culture.In 2021, the Maria da Penha Law was reinforced with the enactment of Law nº 14,188/2021, which creates the Red Light program against Domestic and Family Violence and includes in the Penal Code (Decree-Law nº 2,848/ 1940) the crime of psychological violence against women.

Mots clés (séparés par des virgules)

Lilac Room; Maria da Penhas'Law

Résumé

The dehospitalization process at INTO occurs through the Social Work that operates in the INTO home care service (ADOMI). ADOMI is a multidisciplinary sector, with Nursing, Physiotherapy and Social Worker professionals and serves SUS users who undergo orthopedic surgeries at INTO, residing in the metropolitan area of ​​Rio de Janeiro. It is through the unfolding of the work of Social Work in the field of Dehospitalization, both in home care in a multidisciplinary team, both in support and in the planning of hospital discharge, that intersectoral articulation is effective. The objective of SocialWork actions is the transition from high and medium complexity care to basic care, in other words, the transfer of care from the hospital unit to the home.In this way, the institutional visit is a resource or instrument used by the Social Service in the multidisciplinary team with the purposes of: ensuring the transfer of care between the levels of care of the SUS; identify and learn about the services that are part of the user's territory and promote the strengthening of intersectoral and interinstitutional networking.The ADOMI team, when identifying difficulties in maintaining care in the patient's territory, activates the Social Service, which maps and identifies the existing services that are responsible for the continuity of the necessary health follow-up. Thus, we established dialogue between the services to enable the safe discharge of orthopedic patients. What we observe in the professional routine is that carrying out institutional visits has been shown, in all cases, to be quite effective in guaranteeing the absorption of INTO patients by the health/rehabilitation or social assistance units and, consequently, the continuity of care.

Mots clés (séparés par des virgules)

Dehospitalization, Healthe Policy, Social Work, Institutional visit