Résumé

In 1973 German Sexual Crime Laws changed and used the term self-determination for the first time as a legal term. Since then the term increasingly prevails as a leading ideal in society as a whole, in educational philosophy and in jurisprudence. It corresponds to processes of individualization and human rights based approaches in all areas of society. For many marginalized groups, the focus on self-determination means an increasing acceptance of their lifestyles and the gain of elementary rights (e.g. in terms of sexual orientation and identity). At the same time, self-determination is full of prerequisites: the willingness to deal with oneself and to engage in a possibly ambivalent and lengthy process of decision making is necassary, but also exhausting and with an uncertain outcome. The example of sexuality illustrates not only the achievements, but also the ambivalences with regard to self-determination: ambivalent feelings (e.g. lust and shame), dependences, manipulation, peer pressure, power structures, consideration for others, respect and empathy – all topics that are suitable for questioning the concept of self-determination and raising the question of what degree of self-determination can be achieved and how. The paper explores how the term sexual self-determination was used, framed and dicussed in Germany from the 1970 to now. The leading question is how the ideal of self-determination is constituted, how theory and practice of sexual education deals with this ideal, transports it and makes it operational. For this paper I draw from literature research as well as from numerous training courses in the field of sexual education, which has been one of my main areas of work for about 15 years. The paper is also based on original reseach conducted in the archive of IPPF founding member „pro familia – German Society of Sexual Counceling, Sexual Education and Family Planning‟ in Munich. 

Mots clés (séparés par des virgules)

Sexual Self-Determination, Sexual Education, Educational Ideal, German History

Résumé

As long as there have been people in our earth, there has been an idea of human rights and anti-oppressive social work. United Nations was primarily responsible for addressing the idea of human rights in the middle of the 20th century. There were an astounding amount of deaths and psychological issues caused by the world wars even today namely Russia-Ukraine War. Social work in India taps in different settings to practice. There is a diversity of approaches to social work practice now, and the profession has grown considerably over the years to incorporate a wide range of different sub-fields even in India. In a variety of contexts, social workers are able to put their education and experience to use assisting individuals, families, and groups of people. The profession of social work has a tight association with human rights & anti-oppressive perspective due to its adherence to principles like respect, decency, and self-determination that are deeply ingrained in the code of ethics for all practitioners. The profession has earned a high level of respect for its efforts to combat inhumane treatment of vulnerable people, its dedication to combating repressive practices, and most significantly, its commitment to ensuring that vulnerable people are provided with a voice i.e anti-oppressive social work practice to make a positive contribution to the cause of social justice and human dignity.Methodology: The review is thematic in nature where in every theme is explained in depth using different sources from journals and articles relating to social work in Human Rights & Anti-Oppressive Social Work. Conclusion: The social work profession is thus convinced, based on historical and empirical evidence, that the achievement of human rights for the oppressed is a fundamental prerequisite for a caring world and for the survival of the human race. 

Mots clés (séparés par des virgules)

Social Work, Human Rights, Anti-Oppressive Practices